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Wailing Notes: Somalia, the Burden of Humanity By: Dr. Bashi Hosh Jibril)
13 Oct 2007 |
We are the expatriate generations, bred in at least modest comfort, living now in western countries with their generosity, looking back to the images of Somalia that we inherit.
Not in a distant past, Somalia was, in a relatively speaking, strong country with an international outlook; the only country in Africa with homogenous society, the least scarred by outside world including Ethiopia. The hope of one day becoming stronger nation was always in the minds of our leaders. We have witnessed Somalia being a good member of the UN, exerting its diplomatic muscle in Middle East politics as well as Pan Africanism. In short, many of us began maturing in apathy, some times being thankful for the free public education that we received from federated republic of a loosely held nation.
As we grew older, however, our comfort was demystified by events too troubling to dismiss. First, the subtle and horrific fact of struggle, without national agenda, is characterized by clan ideology that appeals to our tribal sentiments. The result was a human and ecological degradation symbolized by a clan struggle against State. Group isolation was the answer for social movements that drew its members from kinship recruitment. This type of disposition to clan ideology constrained most of us from being loyal to global state and strayed us to a tribalist disposition, not knowing how to depose an ailing regime. Second, the surrounding fact of this clan activism has been a recipe for disaster and continued to probe more and more clan hegemonies until the Somali State was arrested.
While these and other problems either at once demoralised us or annoyed our consciences and became our own subjective concerns, we began to see a demographic shift, urban violence with clan demarcations. The false assumption "My tribe must rule Somalia." sounds hollow before the fact that nations are made of collective people with single currency. Hence, no wonder that the proclaimed peace conference from international communities contradicted or has been anathema to psychological wounds inflicted by clan sentiments.
Remind you that Yalahow is only a new phenomenon with a new twist of oligarchic hooligans. His trails and tribulations of oligarchy have produced mobility taxation where individuals are denied movements from a distance to distance unless a roadblock fees are paid. Compared to the Kremlin, Russia refused to bow to this kind of Oligarchy, especially from one of its brightest capitalist, Oil tycoon Mikhail Khodorkovsky, once Russia's architecture for venture capitalism. He is now behind bars serving 9 years imprisonment after years of "Isbaaro" business in Russian oil industry.
Russia may have the state tools needed to persecute such individuals. Yet, the international community, in order to bring back the hope and aspiration of the Somali masses, hastily put the failed state of Somalia together. Their tactics were to put people like Yallahow in the conference and compete for position of power.
Then Sharif Hassan came along with his regular attire of Muslim skullcap. His dress code sent the right message that finally a religious man from the "fifth clan" would make impartial judgment when the floor of the parliament becomes unruly. Somalis hailed him as savior, a man who had no factional interest but a nation building agenda. Apart from his flaws of parliamentary procedures, he is now standing one corner and confined in the capital. He speaks unity but has strong opinion when it comes to militia disarmament. He assembles parliamentarians but instigates deliberate motions of conflicting agenda. He should have consulted neutral experts on the clarity of such motion before rushing to the floor with malicious intention of dividing a nation that was getting closer together, the dichotomies of faction allegiance and a nation building!.
Coming back to Yallahow, when all phases were done after arm-twisting and nose bleeding, he is still out of the loop hoping to collude with his friends in order to bargain his ill-gotten state properties. We are witnessing an era of our time in which societies can regress in the most primitive form of human existence. Even with this hype of "Mogadishu cleaning", there is and always there are, such plundering motives of financial compensation from men who virtually sought money in the most unscrupulous sense.
Executives of this so-called transitional government are not immune with criticism. If Mr. Yusuf and his prime minister, Ali Gedi, think that they have the silver bullet for a fractured Somalia, then they are too naïve, to say the least. A brute force works only in so far as the state apparatus are functioning, the subjugation of fear from the police or the military. The current situation of the country would best be served not with force but by increased negotiating and more reconciliation. However, this is not to say that other friendly countries should not be invited to keep the peace. The problem is, as I see it, the president and his rivals are not doing enough to honor the will of the Somali people. If they were, they would have hammered out the details of peacekeeping force issue, the number of countries that would participate, and the mandate of that force. Instead, this false notion of Ethiopian factor has shifted the momentum of politics into new factional fighting, the alliance and counter alliance of renewed spirit of old politics.
Beneath the consistent bluffs from a president in exile, beneath the spectator's wishes that Somalia will "be fixed", beneath the depression of Mogadishu warlords who have rained every Somali party, is the pervasive feeling that our times have witnessed the enervation of clan hegemony. We define our selves' physical beings that have a body in the west but a mind in Somalia. We, the people in Diaspora, have too much to bear psychologically and we contribute little because we have also appealed to a tribal sentiment. Kipling may have been right when he referred to Africans as half devil and half child, but if truth were told, all Africans are not same because some Africans are pragmatic and willing to adopt a change. Only my Somalia is left out in this wind of change. Tragically, the Abyssinians that we call savages and intruders, they are now pioneering democracy projects, a project that may help other Horn African countries. Can our president and Mogadishu leaders take a note? It remains to be seen how far the silly Ethiopian debate will continue, a debate that kept us in the category of a failed state. Who can deny that our country has became a classical example of that offensive poem of Kipling's White Man's burden?
Bashi Hosh Jibril
E-Mail: bjibril@yahoo.com |
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»Maxaad Kala Socotaa Hawlaha Shirkada Faracyada Badan Ee (Somgulf Group)?. 01 Aug 2010 |
(TL) Shirkada baaxada weyn ee (Somgulf Group) ilaa iyo hada dhismayaasha ay wadanka imaraadka carabta (UAE) ka dhistay waa 5 daarood oo dheer-dheer. isuguna jira 2 daarood oo ay midiiba labo daarood oo isku mataanaysan ay yihiin. 3-da daarood ee kaleetana waa daaro midiib ay gooni u taagantahay. 3 daarood oo kamid ahi waxay ku yaalaan magaalada cusub ee (Emirates City). oo kala ah 1) (Somgulf Tawer), 2) (Venice Tawer1) iyo (Venice Tawer2). Magaalo madaxda maamul goboleedka (Ajman) ee Ajman farasmagaalaheeda xaafada ahna waxay ku leedahay daaraha mataanaha ah ee (Somgulf Twin Tawers) la yiraahdo. daarta [El Zour Tawer] layiraahdana Shirkada (Somgulf Group) waxay ka taagtey magaalada (Sharja) ee isla wadanka imaraadka carabta (UAE). Shantaas mashruuc oo ay hirgelisey (Somgulf Property Development) oo ah farac ka mid ah shirko-horinta (Somgulf Group). qofkii danaynaya in uu guryaha shirkada gato ama u baahan macluumaad kooda meeshaan ha tuujiyo (www.somgulftowers.com) .
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»Himilada Hindisaaga Mucjisada Ah Ee [Eng. Maxamed Qaldaan] Iyo Boqorka Jilidda Filimada Iyo Maadeynta [Cabdixakiin BR]. 11 Jun 2010 |
(TL) Idaacadaha (FM) yada ah oo ay Soomaalida inteeda badani maanta isticmaalaan maaha idaacado (Jaban) laga keenay, mana aha tu (German) uu sameeyey ee waa (Made In Tanadland) waana sancadeenii. [Genius/ Eng. Maxamed Cabdi Maxamuud (Maxamed Qaldaan) ninka la yiraahdaana waa ninka Idaacadaha (FM) yada ah ee ugu badan oo Soomaaliya laga isticmaalo gacantiisa ku sameeyey. Ninkaan mucjisada ah oo maskaxda madixiisa dhex fadhida waxtarkeeda laga yaabayna kuma koobna waxqabadkiisu intaas oo kaliya, ee waxa (Maxamed Qaldaan) loogu bixiyey ku xeeldheerida barta riiga in laga taago ku haboon oo ay biyuhu ka dhowyihiin. taas oo u habaar ku qabo u kuna caanbaxay. Wuxuu kaloo qabiir kuyahay cilad bixinta iyo dib u hagaajinta matoorada iyo tuubooyinka riigaga.
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»Duuliyihii Ugu Horeeyey Ee Diyaaradaha Dagaalka Oo Soomaali Ah (Duuliye Sare/Caalin wadaad/Prof. Maxamed Calidaahir Cabdi) 05 Mar 2010 |
(TL)[Dr. Maxamed Calidaahir] wax yaabo badan oo wanaagsan ayuu sameeyey oo taariikhda ugalay loogana dayan doono. intaanu askariga noqona wuxuu ahaa aqoonyahan xirfadale ah, markuu duuliyaha noqdayna wuxuu ahaa xirfadle, markuu imaamka muftiga ah ahaana wuxuu ahaa xirfadle, markuu bare sare oo jaamacaddeed uu noqdayna wuxuu ahaa xirfadle, markuu xildhibaanka noqdayna wuxuu ahaa xirfadle. wuxuuna ahaa nin aaminsan in garaado garbaha lagu toshaahi aysan qofka wanaag ku siyaadin. (1) 1970 ilaa 1978 intii u dhaxaysey wuxuu gudoomiye gobol kanoqday shan gobol. (2) 1978 ilaa 1981 wuxuu ahaa guddoomiyihii ugu horeeyey ee Olympicada Soomaaliyeed. (3) 1981 ilaa 1990 wuxuu ahaa maareeyaha warshada birta shubta. (4) 1982 ilaa 1990 wuxuu qoray afar buug oo culuunta diinta ku saabsan. (Dr. Maxamed Calidaahir) wuxuu kamid ahaa aas-aasayaashii midowga maxaakiimta islaamiga ah.
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»Leelkase Maaha Dhulbahante, Warsangelina Maaha In uu Dhabayaco Bawdyo-gaab Kudabafaylana Qabkiisa Iyo Hankiisa Ayaa Kaweyn, By: Saxardiid Xareed Bulxan. 28 Jan 2009 |
(TL) Sadex todobaad ka hor beesha Majeerteen waxay shaqaale midiidin unoqda ka qoratay beelaha Warsangeli iyo Dhulbahante sida dhowr jeer oo hore dhacday. sidii caadadu ay ahaydna odayaasha Dhulbahante iyo Warsangeli waxay beesha Majeerteen u ogolaadeen inay hogaansadaan kedib markay qaateen wax aan macquul loo qaadan karin, maxaa wacay waxay u ogolaadeen in ay beesha majeerteen hesho saami le'eg inta Dhulbaahante iyo Warsangeli ay ka heleen xubnaha gudiga dagaal oogayaasha beesha Harti. Warbal qoodhiin iyo xeradiin sida nimankii magaca weyn lahaa loogumeeyey oo nasabada loogaga saaray nala arka!!. Warsangeli 9 qawsaar, Dhulbahante 17 qawsaar, Dhabayaco Bawdyo-kuus 31taliye+3 dibjir oo ay suuqa ka soo kaxaysteen oo qawsaarona u ah. Marka nimanka waxaan qaatay tolow ma luquntaa sil-silado loogaga hayaa gobi waxaan waaka diridhaaye!!?.
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»IOC Oo Shahaado Caalami ah Gudoonsiisay Duran Farah, By:Wariye Sunni. 18 Oct 2008 |
(TL) Duran Farah ayaa noqday shaqsigii ugu horeeyay ee somali ah oo shahaadadaan la siiyo, markii uu ka qeybgalay barnaamijka caalamiga ah ee IOC ee MEMOS la yiraahdo kaasoo loo soo gaabiyay Master Executive in Management Of Sports Organisations. shahaada caalamiga ah ee MEMOS Degree ayaa dufcadaan oo aheyd tii 11-aad ee ay ay xubanaha IOC ka qeybgalaan ayaa 8-dii sano ee ugu horeysay waxaa la siin jiray dalalka qaarada yurub oo kaliyaha laakiin 3-dii sano ee ugu danbeysay ayaa la ogolaaday in wadamada afrika ay shahaada caalamiga ee MOMES laga qeybgaliyo si maamulka sports aduunka kor loogu qaado.
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»Ardayda Reer Tanadland Oo Loogu Baaqay Inay Xooga Saaraan Barashada Culuunta (Computer Software Engineering) Iyo Maadada Xisaabta. 03 Oct 2008 |
(TL) (C/risaaq C/naasir Faarax) waa ardaygii ugu horeeyey ee soomaali ah oo jaamacadaha aduunka kaalinta 1-aad ku baasa iyo Dr. yuusuf maxamed cabdi (Former senior Profesor of Mathematics & now Algebra teachers Coordinator at the Rutgers University). Dr.yuusuf Siday dad badani rumaysan yihiin waxaa lagu tiriyaa inuu yahay xisaabyahanka ugu weyn ee Soomaaliya ka soo dhex baxay, tan iyo intii ka danbeysey geeridii ''aun'' (Prof.Abyan) oo ahaa bare wax ka dhigi jirey jaamacadii Umada sanadihii sideetamaadkii. isaga oo Oday da'ah indhahana aan markaas si fiican wax uga aragna ay dad juhalo ahi 1991-kii Xamar ku dileen iyadoo aysan jirin wax uu ka galabsaday. Dugsiga sare ee magaalada gaalkacyo markii 1970-kii lafuray ardaydii ugu horeysey ee nasiibka u helay inay wax ku bartaan kana qalin jebiyey.
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»Maal Qabeenada Reer Tanadland Ninka Ugu Caansan Oo Qarka U Saaran In Shirkada (Blimpie) Lagala Wareego. 23 Oct 2007 |
(TL) Blimpie -America’s best-dressed sandwich, oo ah shirkada sadexaad ee ugu weyn shirkadaha rootiga iyo ismariska ka ganacsada ee dalka maraykanka. islamar ahaantaasna kamid ah shirkadaha magacooda iyo hanaan kooda ganacsi iibiya si loogu ganacsado [Franchises chain]. ayna ka horeeyaan oo keliya shirkadaha Subway iyo Quiznos. Hadaad wiil 6 jir ah ama gabar reer Tanadland ah oo waxaro la jooga aad weydiisid su'aal ah, maandhooyinow yaa ii sheegi kara (Blimpie) waxay tahay ama la yiraahdo?. waxay u badan tahay inay labadooduba kuugu jawaabaan oo ay ku yiraahdaan " waa laguu yaqaan oo waa maqaayada Reer (xaaji Cumar)". dadka waaweyn badidiisuna waxay u haystaan nin reer Tanadland ah oo dhawr maqaayadood oo isku magac ah magaalada New York ku leh. laakiin xaqiiqada iyo aragtida shirkada (Blimpie) laga haysto aad bay u kala fogtahay, dad aan badnayn ayaana si dhab ah uga warqaba xaqiiqada dhabta ah.
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»Honoring Dr. Hussein Adam: A rejoinder of Professor Said S. Samatar’s “HUSSEIN ADAM: How an ordinary Boy became an extraordinary man.” , BY: Faysal Rooble. 10 Sep 2007 |
(TL) Moreover, Hussein’s earlier pan-Somali writings, partly a product of his intellectual activism and, as Samatar reported in his tribute, a promise he dearly protected in his prophetic mission to do something good for his ancestral land, Somalia, is captured by this endearing and theoretically sweeping quote from one of his treatise: “Clan and lineage antagonisms do not preclude a will to unite or a feeling of common destiny, especially with regard to the common foe. Somali (tribal) genealogies serve both to distinguish clan-families and clans and, at the same time, to remind them all of common ancestry.”
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»Horta Tolow Soomaaliya Yaa Haysta?, Ma Itoobiyaan?, Mise Maraykan?, Mise Nejis-nejis Dhalay Iyo Dhashiis?, Faalo 05 Jun 2007 |
(TL) [taliye ka tirsan Ciidamada Jabuuti Maj. Gen. Fathi Ahmed Hussein] iyo [Maj. Gen. John F. Sattler] Aqristayaasha sharafta lahow waxaanu idiin haynaa cadayomo muujinaya in ay Soomaaliya ku soo duushey oo ay qabsatay dowlada Maraykanku iyada oo adeegsaneysa Itoobiyaanka. qolada iimaanka alle ka qaaday ee dowlada isku sheegayaana ay yihiin dad lagu gabraarto ama lagu ugaarsado "Bounty Hunters". tusaale ahaan taariikhdu markii ay ahayd Dec. 30, 2002 ayaa waxaa dekeda magaalada Jabuuti ku xirtay markab kamid ah maraakiibta dagaalka ee Maraykanka oo la yiraahdo (USS MOUNT WHITNEY).
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»Abdisalan Ato Is The Biggest Somali Flim Director By: The Other Paper, Columbus,Ohio,U.S.A 30 May 2007 |
(TL) Abdisalam Aato sits in front of a computer screen at his office in Jubba Mall, a Somali marketplace on Morse Road, translating an animated short he created for the web from his native language into English. Hanging above him on the wall are half a dozen glossy movie posters for Olol Films’ latest releases—works that have posited Aato as the Scorsese of Somali filmmakers. he came to the United States in 1996, after spending more than three years in a refugee camp in Kenya. He settled in Columbus in 2001 and has spent the last six years making the city famous, in Somali circles,
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»Dr. Dahir M. Hashi, The First Somali Chiropractor in Canada 09 May 2007 |
(TL) About 15 years ago, Dahir Hashi came to Canada as a refugee from Somalia. He had minimal formal education and very little comprehension of the English language. He attended ESL classes to improve his understanding of the language and in 1990, he applied to secondary school in Mississauga where he was placed in grade nine. During high school, he discovered a knack for track and field. He won numerous awards and was offered athletic scholarships in some U.S. universities while still in high school but decided to stay here, close to his family. In 1995 Dahir Hashi enrolled in Health Sciences at the University of Ottawa. In June 2000, he graduated in the honours program with cum laude. With a degree in health sciences under his belt, he applied to Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (CMCC) - one of only two schools in Canada that offer a degree in Doctor of Chiropractic. Only 160 students were accepted into the program out of thousands of applicants from around the world.
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»Nin Ay Geedi Isku Reer Yihiin Oo Si foolxun Ugu Ol-Olaynaya Jagada C/qaadir Ismaaciil Samatar U Qaybta U Helay 14 Apr 2007 |
(TL) [sawirka Maxamed Jaamac iyo C/qaadir Ismaaciil Samatar] Sidaad ogtihiin Dowlada Embagati waxaa lagusoodhisay laguna heshiiyey in wax laguqaybsado habka waxqaybsiga ee 4.5, taas oo u macnaheedu yahay in jagooyinka dowlada qaybsigooda lagusaleeyo habkaas oo sidaas beelaha Soomaaliyeed wax uguqaybsadaan. waxaana jirtey in xildhibaanada iyo gudiga siyaasada beesha (Leelkase) ay u ol-oleeyeen in xilka safiirka maraykanka Soomaaliya ufadhiya Loomagacaabo ninka ugumudan Soomaaliya inloodhiibo xilkaas, oo ah Prof. C/raxmaan khaali Samatar. Sababtoo aytahay Prof C/raxmaan oo ay wada dhasheen Siciid Khaali Samatar , wuxuu jaamacada Stanford ee Houston ka baxay 15 Sanadood ka hor Drs. Condoleezza Rice iyo madaxweyne Bush markay ka bexeen, Waana ninka qadarinta ay uhayaan Drs. Condoleezza Rice iyo madaxweyne bush iyo codkarnimadiisa darteed ka dhaadhicinkara qorshe xal u ah labada dowladood,
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»Waxaan Ahay Safiirka Maraykanka-I am The American Ambassador, By.Peter Bridges 10 Apr 2007 |
(TL) IT WAS MAY IN ROME. I wished it were Sunday and my wife and I were climbing Monte Gennaro. The intercom buzzed; I had a call from Robert Oakley in Washington. Bob Oakley was our ambassador to Somalia, in Washington for consultation. We had agreed that on his way back to Mogadishu he would stop in Rome for lunch with people from the Italian foreign ministry. We and Italy each had a major interest in Somalia; we were both major aid donors; we often compared notes. Oakley said that he would be delayed in leaving Washington. He went on to say that he had just learned that he was to leave his post, to head the State Department's anti-terrorism office. A big, hard job, I said; congratulations. Who's going to replace you in Somalia? I don't think they've given that any thought yet, he said . . . . Would you be interested?, My question had come from simple curiosity and I had not expected his question in return. I thought for a minute. Yes, I said. I'd be interested.
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»How Ethopia Captured And How To Liberate Somalia, By:Prof. QAASIN XIRSI FAARAX 28 Mar 2007 |
(TL) It took a long process for Zanawi and his guerrilla tribal warriors to capture Somalia and get access to the longest seashore in Africa, by changing the map of their country from a landlocked state to semi-peninsula. In the context of this article, I will highlight some points of the process, while many others are left for the reader’s discretion. obviously, both Somalis and Ethiopians are religious radicals and even serious fanatics by nature. Moreover, both are religious extremists, i.e. either in exacerbation or falling behind religious duties. One can realize so when seeing how individuals are always on one of the two extremes.
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»HADALKA YUUSUF CUMAR AS'HARI WUXUU KADHIGANYAHAY "HABARFADHIDA LEGDAN LAFUDUDAA" 27 Mar 2007 |
(TL) Mahad oo dhan waxay u sugnaatay Ilaaheey SWT, Salli iyo salaam tacdiim lala xiriiriyeyna waxaan u celinayaa Rasuulkeennii Suubbanaa Muxammad (CSW). Intaa kaddib, waxaan jecelahay inaan halkan ka soo gudbiyo nasiqid ‘rebuttal and refute’ ku aaddan gunuunucii qadafka ahaa ee uu BBC-da kaga hadlay Jimcihii 23/3/2007 Yuusuf Cumar Axmed (Az-hari) oo sheegta inuu yahay La Taliyaha Col Cabdullaahi Yuusuf. Sidaa aawadeed, waxaan ku baaqayaa in ummadweynta Soomaaliyeed meel ay joogto ay u istaagaan sidii laysaga caabin lahaa nimanka dalka soo geliyey ciidankii Abraham ee ku indha-cad inay sidaas dowlad ku noqon karaan. Sida keliya ee ciidammada Ethiopia guul ku gaari karaan, waa inay fadqalalo iyo kala qeybin ku sameeyaan ummadda ku nool caasimadda, waana in dadweynuhu ka feejignaadaan arrintaas oo ay si buuxda u midoobaan.
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»Godobta Ha'ogeysiin Ragwaa Gacalo Shaydaane!!. 22 Mar 2007 |
(TL) Indhoweydba xamar way foolaneysey guuxeeda iyo gurdankeeduna mayarayn.aqoonyahanka iyo indheergaradka beelaha gobolka banaadirna rayigooda iyo rabitaankooda lamaxaalayn. beelaha Hawiyena waxay sameeyeen shirar isdabajoog ah midkii ugu danbeeyey uu shalay Hotel (amal plasa) kadhacay. go'aamadii ay shirarkaas kasoosaareena ujeedada iyo nuxurkooduba wuxuu ahaa beesha Hawiye inaysan ogolayn ogolaana karin in hubka looga qaado, iyadoo ay beelihii kaleeto ee Soomaaliyeed oodhami ay hubkooda haystaan. Waxayna dareenkooda kuwergeliyeen uruka (A.U), ururka (E.U) dowlada maraykanka iyo wadamada deeqda bixiya. waxay kaleetoo kalashireen masuuliyiin sar-sare oo katirsan dowlada Itoobiya, uuna kamidyahay wasiirka arimaha dibada ee dowlada Itoobiya oo ay lakulmeen. waxay kaleetoo ay kala shireen arinkaas ninka qab-qablaha ka'ah "BALAAYADA KUMEELGAARKA AH" Jaale Cbadulaahi Yuusuf.
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»Gambia's President Claims to Cure AIDS-By: The New York Times 15 Mar 2007 |
(TL) Yahya Jammeh, president of Gambia, treating an H.I.V. patient at the State House in Banjul, Gambia. (Photo: Tanadland) A report on the English-language Web site of Spiegel Online draws our attention to Yahya Jammeh, the president of Gambia, who claims that he has the power to cure H.I.V. and AIDS, but can do so only on Thursdays. Yahya Jammeh, 41 years old, has been the president of bitterly poor Gambia since seizing power in a putsch in 1994. In the three so-called elections since then, he has not relinquished his seat. Among his achievements to date have been giving Gambia’s 1.6 million citizens an impressive triumphal arch — just like Napoleon gave the French — as well as founding Gambia’s first and only university.
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»'KNOTS' CONVEYS SENSE OF HOPE FOR SOMALIA, BY: PITTSBURGH TRIBUNE-REVIEW 11 Mar 2007 |
(TL) In Nurrudin Farah's "Knots," Cambara, a Somalian expatriate, leaves the comfort of her life in Canada after the death of her young son, hoping to reclaim family property from a Somalian warlord. That she has little more than determination and conviction makes her pursuit illogical, and Cambara's initial efforts are fraught with failure. Farah, the noted Somalian author of nine novels, including the "Blood in the Sun" trilogy, provides a keen, sometimes horrifying look at a country that often is in the news, but rarely understood. Recently, writer Nurrudin Farah was in his native Somalia, trying to broker peace between the government and some Islamists who had taken control of Mogadishu. At one point, a taxi he was riding in was stopped; two guns were pointed at his head.
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